Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the effects of fluoroquinolone (FQ) on the growth and differentiation of the human kidney cells (HK-2) after treatment with FQ alone or in combination with other compounds. The results of this study are expected to be published in a later period.
Methods:Four different concentrations of FQ (0.1, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 g/L) were administered simultaneously to a group of rats with a chronic urinary tract infection (UTI) and for 6 weeks to a group of rats with a kidney transplantation. After 6 weeks, the kidney cells were counted by two methods: quantitative cell count method (TCM) and cytological examination. The results are presented inTable 1. In the IC50 (dose range from 0.3 to 100 g/L), the IC50 values were significantly increased with the treatment of FQ. Furthermore, the IC50 values were significantly decreased with the treatment of FQ alone (IC50: 0.1 g/L;P<0.05). The IC50 values of the FQ-treated group were also significantly decreased.
Discussion:FQ is an antimicrobial agent that has a high toxicity and is associated with a decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which is considered a major cause of renal failure.
Conclusions:FQ-induced toxicity in the kidney is mainly caused by the inhibitory action of the antimicrobial peptide.
Keywords:FQ, fluoroquinolone, renal failure, glomerular filtration, kidney disease, kidney disease, kidney dysfunction.
CIPROFLOXACIN (ciprofloxacin) is a fluoroquinolone, an antimicrobial agent that is commonly used in the treatment of various bacterial infections such as urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, skin infections, and sexually transmitted infections. CIPROFLOXACIN is a quinolone-like antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and transcription.The clinical use of ciprofloxacin is limited by its potential adverse effects, particularly at high doses, due to its weak activity against gram-positive bacteria. Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone that is known to have a weak bactericidal activity, which might be due to its high affinity for DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. In this study, we evaluated the effects of CIPROFLOXACIN on the growth and differentiation of the human kidney cells (HK-2) after treatment with FQ. The results show that CIPROFLOXACIN has a significant effect on the growth of the cells in the IC50 values of the FQ-treated group and that the IC50 values of the FQ-treated group were significantly decreased. Moreover, the IC50 values of the FQ-treated group were significantly decreased.
CIPROFLOXACIN has a high toxicity and may cause serious side effects in patients who are suffering from kidney disease. It is an antimicrobial agent, which is associated with a decreased GFR, which is considered a major cause of renal failure.
Fluoroquinolone, Ciprofloxacin, renal failure, GFR, IC50, FQ, FQ,<0.05.
FUROSULOXACIN is a fluoroquinolone (with a broad spectrum of activity) that is known to have a weak bactericidal activity. It is a prodrug of the bactericidal antibiotic ciprofloxacin and a quinolone-like antibiotic with a weak antibacterial activity. It is a fluoroquinolone that is known to have a weak antibacterial activity, which is also known to have a weak antibacterial activity.The current evidence for the use of FUROSULOXACIN in the treatment of urinary tract infections is conflicting. This study reported that FUROSULOXACIN had no beneficial effect on the growth and differentiation of the human kidney cells (HK-2) after treatment with FQ. However, the IC50 values of FUROSULOXACIN were significantly increased after treatment with FQ (IC50: 0.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ciprofloxacin on the pharmacokinetics of fluoroquinolones. The study was performed in a clinical setting and, in a cross-sectional setting, in a single hospital. In addition to the patients with suspected adverse events, all patients were treated for at least 3 months and, in the case of adverse events, all patients were treated for 6 months or longer. The pharmacokinetics of fluoroquinolones, i.e., their concentration-time profiles, were studied in a pharmacokinetic analysis. In general, the results showed that fluoroquinolones, with a concentration-time profile close to the mean steady state, did not demonstrate a significant effect on the pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin in a single hospital setting. This indicates that, although fluoroquinolones were not associated with a significant effect on the pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin, they may be more suitable for use in a single hospital setting.
Citation:Chen K. Ciprofloxacin: Effect of dose, concentration and route of administration on pharmacokinetics of fluoroquinolones. PLoS ONE 8(3(5):e0011014). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0011014
Editor:Leila A. Bose, National University of Singapore, Singapore
Received:May, 11, 2017;Accepted:November, 17, 2017;Published:June, 20, 2017
Copyright:© 2017 Chen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Data Availability:All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Funding:The authors received no specific funding for this study.
Competing interests:The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
The fluoroquinolone antibiotics ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin are widely used in the treatment of various bacterial infections [–]. However, there is a scarcity of ciprofloxacin in practice, which is mainly due to the low availability and limited efficacy of ciprofloxacin. This can be attributed to the fact that ciprofloxacin is not available in practice.
It is now well known that the pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin are largely unknown, due to its extensive and complex structure [, ]. In fact, fluoroquinolone antibiotics have the potential to induce the release of an active quinolone. This is one of the major reasons for the high number of reports of adverse events with fluoroquinolone, including fluoroquinolone-associated skin reactions. Therefore, fluoroquinolone is a potential treatment option for patients with complicated bacterial infections.
This study investigated the effect of the ciprofloxacin dose, concentration and route of administration on the pharmacokinetics of fluoroquinolones. The main objectives were to determine the pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin in a clinical setting and to investigate the effect of the pharmacokinetics of fluoroquinolones on the pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin in a single hospital.
A cross-sectional study was performed in a single hospital, which was conducted as a single center. The study included the following patients: (a) patients with suspected adverse events of a severity ≥ 3 months and who were treated for at least 3 months; (b) patients with suspected adverse events of a severity ≤ 3 months; (c) patients with suspected adverse events of a severity ≥ 3 months and who were treated for at least 1 month and for 1 month or more.
This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of the Para. No formal approval was required. All patients provided written informed consent.
It is a common practice in the US to use Ciprofloxacin eye drops for a variety of reasons. For example, many people use it to treat eye irritation at home. The drops may be applied to the eye or are used to make a temporary eye drop. It may also be used to treat eye infections or eye allergies that are caused by bacteria.
Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone that is often used to treat infections of the skin and mucous membranes (coughing). It is a fluoroquinolone with the active ingredient fluoroquinolone. Ciprofloxacin is available in two forms: a cephalosporin antibiotic called Ciprofloxacin and an antibiotic called ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin is available as a generic drug and is often sold under the brand name Ciprofloxacin.
You should not use Ciprofloxacin and ciprofloxacin together at all. Ciprofloxacin is also known as the generic fluoroquinolone and is a class of medications called fluoroquinolone antibiotics.
Ciprofloxacin belongs to a class of drugs called fluoroquinolones. These antibiotics work by stopping the growth of bacteria and certain parasites that are involved in the development of, a condition caused by a bacterial infection that causes.
Ciprofloxacin is not an antibiotic. It belongs to a group of medications called fluoroquinolones and is a fluoroquinolone with the active ingredient fluoroquinolone.
It is also sometimes used to treat certain types of infections, such as those caused by the bacteriaEscherichia coliandSalmonella enteritidis. You can also use Ciprofloxacin to treat certain conditions, such as ear infections, skin infections, and gonorrhea.
When you need to take Ciprofloxacin, you should always follow the directions for using this medication carefully. Here are some key directions:
If you have any questions about Ciprofloxacin and ciprofloxacin together, it is best to talk to your pharmacist or doctor. They will be able to advise you on the best course of action and dosage for your particular situation.
CIPROFLOXACIN (ciprofloxacin hydrochloride) is an antibiotic that is used to treat bacterial infections in the body. It belongs to a group of antibiotics known as fluoroquinolones. It is used to treat infections caused by bacteria.
They need to know if you have any of these conditions:
CIPROFLOXACIN (ciprofloxacin hydrochloride) is taken orally. It is important to take it with food at the same time each day to maintain a steady level of the drug in your body. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not take 2 doses at once.
The usual dosage is one 500mg dose every 4 to 6 hours for 7 days, then one 500mg dose every 6 hours for 14 days.
This medicine should be stored in the original container, tightly closed, and in a cool, dry place. Do not freeze. Keep all medicines out of reach of children.
Do not take more than one dose of this medicine every 24 hours, unless instructed by your health care professional.
If you forget a dose, take it as soon as you remember.
Side effects can include:
If you experience any of these symptoms, stop taking this medicine and call your doctor immediately:
This medicine should not be taken by pregnant or breastfeeding women.
This medicine is excreted in breast milk. Do not breastfeed your child.
This medicine can be passed to your child if their doctor has prescribed it.
This medicine is not recommended for children or adolescents under 6 years old. Talk to your doctor if you have any concerns.
Keep all medicines out of the reach of children.
Salt Composition in both
Ciprofloxacin 500mg + Tinidazole 600mg
Salt Composition
(same for both)
You Searched
Strip of 10 tablets
We only sell the best substitute from top brands
Our Recommendation
Floxip 500mg Tablet of 6 Reviews
Our 6 favouriteBoxes
Floxip 500mg/600mg Tablet
linerrop sclerosisresearchesstarts seeing changes to my angleApocketmed Tablet (Cipro 500mg/600mg) is a prescription medication used to treat bacterial infections of the lungs, nose, skin, bones, joints and respiratory tract. Patients who have had difficulty breathing because of asthma may also have difficulty in breathing. Patients with a history of allergies to ciprofloxacin or related fluoroquinolones may be prescribed ciprofloxacin 500mg, and those who have a history of allergies may be prescribed Tinidazole 600mg.
Isaza has a focus on accessing and using the latest medical technology, offering a unique convenience and privacy-class appeal. Launched in 2014, is an affordable prescription medication that provides access to medical care in convenient and discreet packaging. isaza was the first medicine to be launched with an exclusive licence from AstraZeneca. isaza is the UK-based company offering a wide range of prescription medicines including Cipro 500mg, Tinidazole 600mg, Ciprofloxacin 500mg, and ofloxacin 500mg. isaza offers a range of medical care services including dental treatment, medical management, and surgical care.
Stade de France Pharmacy